Umbilical Hernia

Umbilical & Paraumbilical Hernia

An umbilical hernia occurs when part of the intestine pushes through a weakened spot near the belly button. In adults, this often presents as a paraumbilical hernia, where the bulge appears just above or below the navel.

Causes of Umbilical Hernia

Umbilical hernias in adults are commonly caused by pressure on weakened abdominal muscles. Key contributing factors include:

• Obesity or sudden weight gain

• Multiple pregnancies (especially twins or triplets)

• Previous abdominal surgeries

• Chronic coughing

• Abdominal fluid buildup

These stresses weaken the umbilical region, allowing tissue or intestines to protrude through the abdominal wall.

Symptoms of Umbilical Hernia

Patients may notice:

• A visible bulge or swelling near the navel

• Pain or discomfort during physical activity, coughing, or lifting

• Occasional constipation or digestive discomfort

• Severe abdominal pain and vomiting (in case of complications)

Complications

If left untreated, umbilical hernias can lead to:

• Obstruction: Intestinal blockage causing nausea, vomiting, and pain

• Strangulation: Blood supply to the herniated section is cut off, leading to tissue death—a surgical emergency

Treatment Options

1. Laparoscopic Hernia Repair
Minimally invasive surgery using a camera-guided scope and small instruments. Mesh is placed to reinforce the abdominal wall, and recovery time is typically quicker with less discomfort.

2. Open Hernia Repair
In this traditional method, a small incision is made at the hernia site. The hernia is pushed back, and mesh reinforcement is applied to prevent recurrence.